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Top News - December - 2004

Published December 13, 2004

Canadians rate Native issues a low priority

Calling all young Native achievers

Idea could solve on-reserve housing shortage

This is only a partial listing of the stories featured in the December 2004 issue of Alberta Sweetgrass. If you are not receiving your own copy of Sweetgrass, then you have missed out on a lot.

Click here for Alberta Sweetgrass subscription information.


Canadians rate Native issues a low priority

Max Maudie, Sweetgrass Writer, Ottawa

According to a recent poll, most Canadians do not consider improving the quality of life of Aboriginal Canadians to be a high priority for the federal government.

The poll, conducted by the Centre for Research and Information on Canada (CRIC), suggests almost one in two Canadians (49 per cent) believe that Aboriginal Canadians are on an equal footing with, or better off than, other Canadians. Forty-four per cent say Aboriginal people are worse off than other Canadians.

Twenty-nine per cent of Canadians rated improving the quality of life of Aboriginal Canadians a high priority, the same percentage that rated increasing military spending a high priority.

People polled were asked to place, in order of priority, a list of government tasks. Protecting the environment was on top, followed by health spending, and co-operation between federal and provincial governments.

In tenth spot was improving Aboriginal people's quality of life. This beat out increasing federal spending on big cities.

"It's a reflection of what the future holds," said Lorena Fontaine, professor of Indigenous studies at the First Nations University of Canada in Regina.

"Unless the issues are definitely affecting the public, why would they place it high in terms of their considerations?"

Yet, according to Health Canada, suicide on reserves and in Inuit communities runs three to five times greater than in the rest of the Canadian population. New cases of AIDS in Aboriginal people have increased over the last decade, while they have leveled off in the rest of the population. And diabetes among Aboriginal people is three times the national average.

The disconnect doesn't surprise Fontaine. She said many of her own students don't realize the complexity of Aboriginal issues.

"It takes them a whole [school] term to understand the impact. Education is the key."

Indeed, an ominous aspect of the poll was the views held by Canadians age 18 to 34. The poll found that group to be the least likely to rate improving the quality of life of Aboriginal Canadians a high priority. Twenty-nine per cent said it should be a low priority, the most of any age category.
The interim director of research for CRIC, Gina Bishop, said the centre was disappointed by the findings. Further, it seems efforts to educate Canadians on Aboriginal issues are falling short.
"It doesn't seem to be working yet. And the fact it doesn't seem to be getting through to young Canadians is troubling."

The survey's co-director, Amanda Parriag, said that, since at least 1998, concerns over Aboriginal quality of life have been "relatively static. Aboriginal issues come at the bottom of the list."

She added there are spikes of interest, though. The recent Aboriginal round tables and Prime Minister Paul Martin's Aboriginal Affairs cabinet committee got attention, and public sympathy increased. But otherwise, most Canadians seem indifferent.

"It's not right in front of their faces," Parriag said.

Campbell Morrisson, press secretary for Indian Affairs Minister Andy Scott, said he didn't think the poll's results were negative. The twenty-nine per cent of Canadians rating Aboriginal issues high was "pretty good," he said.

"The department is always looking for better understanding. I think the public can always be better informed. There's always work to do."

Asked whether public support of the department's public education initiatives was important, Morrisson said "Public support helps the department achieve its objectives. That's certainly true. The more public support we get, the better off we are."

The department, however, does not operate on public whims, Morrison said.

"We do what's right."

Native issues have been in and out of the public consciousness for centuries. But what's stayed steadfast, say Native leaders, is the government's study-it-to-death-but-don't-do-anything-about-it attitude.

"I feel like it's just another study on Aboriginal issues that's been shelved," Lorena Fontaine said of the 1996 Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (RCAP) report. In 1999, a United Nations human-rights panel ruled that by not implementing the recommendations of the 1996 royal commission, the Canadian government was not complying with the international covenant on civil and political rights, one of the UN's key human-rights treaties.

The UN panel said the social situation of First Nations in Canada is "the most pressing human right issue facing Canadians." The RCAP report, presented to the Government of Canada, held a host of recommendations, among them to better educate the general public on the history of Aboriginal people in Canada.

The government has made strides in this area, but may still be coming up short. The recent poll may support this idea.

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Calling all young Native achievers

Deirdre Tombs, Sweetgrass Writer, Edmonton

If you know of an Aboriginal youth or two who have accomplished amazing things, then you can nominate them for an Alberta Aboriginal Youth Achievement Award.

"We want to recognize all Aboriginal youth in the province for any outstanding achievements that they have," said Kim Mueller, the youth awards co-ordinator. She wants people to nominate young Aboriginal people who have contributed to the community or "done something in a positive way that would just show good leadership or role modeling to other youth."

This will be the second year for the awards, which began in the fall of 2003 thanks to Kim Mueller and Métis Nation of Alberta (MNA) co-worker, Amanda L'Hirondelle. Mueller and L'Hirondelle run the youth program for the MNA and both are involved in Métis National Council, which runs the Métis National Youth Role Model program. The National Council asked Mueller and L'Hirondelle to be Métis representatives on the revamped National Aboriginal Role Model Program, now run by the National Aboriginal Health Organization.

"We did so and had a wonderful time and thought, well we can do this provincially for the people here in Alberta," Mueller said. The end result, 14 Aboriginal youth were recognized at the awards last April.

Up to 17 young people could be honored this year in the following categories: culture and heritage, volunteer service, academic achievement, athletic achievement, career advancement, personal achievement, walking the red road and community leaders. There will be two winners from each category, except for a possible third in the culture and heritage category. The awards committee hopes to present a First Nation, Métis and Inuk person each with an award for work in preservating and promoting their culture.

Last year's awards committee added two categories to the six originally advertised. Mueller explained that the awards committee created walking the red road and community leaders when they found that two nominees stood out from the rest but did not quite fit into the other categories.
The Community Leaders Award went to Matthew Wildcat from Hobbema. Wildcat is a straight A student at the University of Alberta who is heavily involved in Aboriginal Affairs and is "amazing at everything," said Mueller.

The Walking the Red Road award went to Lenny Labelle, a Métis from Slave Lake. Lacking parental guidance, Labelle began hanging with the wrong crowd and started using drugs and alcohol. On his own initiative, he went to Poundmaker's Lodge for treatment and turned himself around. Labelle was only 16 years old. Mueller said it is important to recognize the effort it takes to turn one's life around from such difficult circumstances.

"We thought it'd be really cool to have an award like that for those people because a lot of the time we don't recognize those people or consider them to be role models when I think they need some recognition as well," said Mueller.

The Walking the Red Road award is also open to those who promote sobriety and healthy living choices. Recognition of her own hard work inspired Mueller to work on this project.

"I won the National Métis Youth Role Model Award in 2001and it was such a wonderful experience to be recognized for all the things that I've done for my community and I wanted to recognize other young people for their contributions," Mueller told Sweetgrass.

The deadline for nominations is Dec. 24. Call (780) 455-2700 in Edmonton or 1-800-252-7553 in the rest of Alberta for more information. Winning nominees will be announced in mid-January, and the awards ceremony will take place in late-February in Edmonton.

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Idea could solve on-reserve housing shortage

Paul Barnsley, Sweetgrass Writer, Blood Reserve

Dan McGinnis has a dream. If he can make it come true, a lot of other Native people will benefit.

McGinnis, 40, and his wife, Karren Shouting and three other southern Alberta Blood reserve residents make up the total current membership of the Aboriginal Homeowners Association, a not-for-profit group dedicated to creating an industry that will produce low cost, high quality homes on First Nation territories.

McGinnis' partner, Pat Eagle Tail Feathers, has his council's blessing to harvest logs up on the slopes of the Rocky Mountain foothills located on the Blood reserve, the largest in the country by land mass. They're using some of those logs as the supporting beams of the first home the association will build.

There's a story behind that. The first home will be tiny, a 540 square foot, two level hut on the rolling prairie a few minutes' drive south of the Trans Canada Highway just west of Lethbridge.

They're building that little house a stone's throw away from the foundation of a much larger 3,400 square foot post and beam constructed home with four bedrooms, three bathrooms and vaulted ceilings. Once the smaller structure is completed, they'll qualify for an infrastructure grant that will help them get their real home under construction.

"The band made a grant available to its members for infrastructure: roads, sewer, water, power, gas. It was supposed to be $20,000," McGinnis said.

But council's policy is that any grant recipients must already have a house built.

"I said, 'Fine, I'll build a 20 by 20 and when it's built, I want my grant,'" he said.

The project will eventually, if all works out, provide a permanent home for McGinnis, his wife and their three children, ages 11 to 14, that far exceeds the standards of current Indian Affairs housing.

The association has no assets to speak of, although some local media coverage has attracted the attention of supporters on and off the reserve who've helped with small donations of material and loaned equipment. Having no money is a problem, but it would be a much bigger problem if they were trying to build a conventional house in the usual way. Instead, they're using the logs that survive the forest fires that burn in British Columbia each year-logs they get for free-and another commodity that's not exactly in short supply on the Prairies, straw bales. Free wood for the frame, free straw for the walls and providing most of the labor yourself cuts the costs down considerably. It's still a struggle to proceed with little or no cash; they were hoping to have the smaller house erected before the winter set in and didn't make it due to mechanical breakdowns.

The project started three years ago when Eagle Tail Feathers, who owns a log skidder, asked McGinnis, an electronics engineering technologist who graduated at age 28 from the DeVry Institute of Technology, for some business advice.

"He's got the access to the raw materials. There's a dire need for something here. I just put the two together. If we can take the raw materials and build something that's got some value, then we should be able to make money," McGinnis said. "The thing that's needed the most is housing. In order to build a stick frame house you've got to have a lumber mill and all that sort of good jazz. And well, we don't have that."

They took on some decorative log projects to get experience working in construction and were successful there.

"My whole focus since I've been down here has been to try and get a business going and try to employ some people and contribute to this community in some way. To that end, that was the whole reason I went back to school," McGinnis said. He's a member of the northern Alberta Saddle Lake First Nation and now lives in his wife's community. "I want to help my community. My community needs infrastructure; my community needs technology. I went back to school so I could apply what I learned and help my community. And isn't that what we're all supposed to do?"

Having to go through the charade of building the mini house to get the grant for the real project is not the only bureaucratic hoop they've had to jump through.

"When we went to go see CMHC [Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation], they immediately referred us back to Indian Affairs. And when we went to see Indian Affairs, they referred us back to CMHC," he said.

But work continues on the project, with occasional unplanned interruptions for weather or mechanical problems.

"If we had money, we wouldn't have these problems," he said. "It doesn't have to be this way. With the ease of construction, there's no reason in the world why we couldn't be building hundreds of homes every year and employing hundreds of people to do it. You don't need to have a degree to chuck bales."

He believes he can build his dream house for about $40,000, far below current housing costs. And he is convinced he can train others to do the same thing, both inside and outside his community.
"What really struck me was a television program I watched years ago where there were these 15 Mexican women that got together and built each other a house," he said. "They were women with children and no husbands but they banded together and they collected materials and they started building. In the end, each family had a house of their own. I thought, 'That's a great thing. And if they can do it, I can do it.'"

He wonders, since so many government reports lament the horrid state of First Nation housing, why no one else has looked at alternative forms of construction.

"I can't understand why either this or any other innovative way to build homes hasn't been explored. I think maybe people are just afraid or else there's a vested interest in keeping it this way. That's what I assume," he said.

How bad is the housing situation on the Blood reserve?

"All we hear is rumors," Dan McGinnis said. "The rumor two years ago was around 1,800 people. My brother-in-law's been waiting 20 years now. He applies every year."

McGinnis refuses to wait 20 years to get a house the usual way. He's living with his in-laws right now and is in a hurry to get his family into their own home.

"I can't understand why we're running into the roadblocks we are. I mean, we can build for less. You'll get a better quality house, I would think, for less of a price and that would save the reserve money," he said.

He wants the word to get out that he's attempting to start this revolution in First Nation housing. If he can prove the validity of his ideas by successfully completing his own house, he expects to attract interest from many other communities.

"The whole idea behind the association was to create a vehicle that we could export to other communities verbatim. This is how we do it and we want to bring it to your reserve and help you out as well," he said.

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